% ========================-*- LaTeX -*-=========================
%
%   chao.sty -- modified from jeffe.sty
%   jeffe.sty can be found at http://web.engr.illinois.edu/~jeffe/pubs/latex.html
%
% ==========================================================


\ProvidesPackage{chao}


% remarkable size
\newif\ifchao@remarkable
\DeclareOption{remarkable}{\chao@remarkabletrue}
\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\PassOptionsToPackage{unicode}{hyperref}
\PassOptionsToPackage{naturalnames}{hyperref}
\ProcessOptions





\RequirePackage{latexsym,amsmath}
\RequirePackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}

\RequirePackage[colorlinks=true,urlcolor=Blue,citecolor=Green,linkcolor=BrickRed,unicode]{hyperref}

\RequirePackage[hyperref]{ntheorem}   % theorem numbering
\RequirePackage{aliascnt}
\RequirePackage{xspace}

% st mary fonts
\RequirePackage{stmaryrd}       % comment out if unavailable
\SetSymbolFont{stmry}{bold}{U}{stmry}{m}{n}
\RequirePackage{wasysym}
% nagging
\RequirePackage[l2tabu, orthodox]{nag}
\RequirePackage[all,warning]{onlyamsmath}



\RequirePackage{graphicx} % essentials
\RequirePackage{microtype}
\RequirePackage[mathletters]{ucs}       % allow Unicode in .tex file
\RequirePackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\RequirePackage[charter]{mathdesign}    % change fonts
\RequirePackage{XCharter}    % change fonts
\RequirePackage{berasans, beramono}
\RequirePackage{eucal}
\RequirePackage[nocompress]{cite}       % other convenient stuff
\RequirePackage{enumerate}
%\usepackage{pgf,tikz}
\RequirePackage{wrapfig}
\RequirePackage[medium,compact]{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{CJKutf8}


\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]

\newaliascnt{lemma}{theorem}
\newaliascnt{corollary}{theorem}
\newaliascnt{conjecture}{theorem}
\newaliascnt{proposition}{theorem}

\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[section]
\newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}[section]
\newtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}[section]
\newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}[section]
\newtheorem{problem}{Problem}

\newcommand{\lemmaautorefname}{Lemma}
\newcommand{\corollaryautorefname}{Corollary}
\newcommand{\conjectureautorefname}{Conjecture}
\newcommand{\propositionautorefname}{Proposition}
\newcommand{\problemautorefname}{Problem}

\newenvironment{definition}[1][Definition]{\begin{trivlist}
\item[\hskip \labelsep {\bfseries #1}]}{\end{trivlist}}
\newenvironment{example}[1][Example]{\begin{trivlist}
\item[\hskip \labelsep {\bfseries #1}]}{\end{trivliST}}
\newenvironment{remark}[1][Remark]{\begin{trivlist}
\item[\hskip \labelsep {\bfseries #1}]}{\end{trivlist}}

\widowpenalty 5000
\clubpenalty 5000

% line numbers (be nice to the referee)
\RequirePackage[mathlines, pagewise]{lineno}
%\linenumbers
\nolinenumbers
\renewcommand\linenumberfont{\normalfont\tiny\sffamily\color{gray}}
\setlength\linenumbersep{2em}

\numberwithin{figure}{section}

\ifchao@remarkable
  \RequirePackage[paperheight=209.6mm, paperwidth=157.2mm, top=0.2in,bottom=0.2in,right=0.2in,left=0.2in]{geometry}
  \tolerance=10000
\else
  \RequirePackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
\fi

%\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.5in} \setlength{\textwidth}{6.5in}
%\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.0in} \setlength{\textheight}{9.1in}

%\pagestyle{empty}
%\newlength{\pagewidth}
%\setlength{\pagewidth}{6.5in} %\pagestyle{empty}
\pagenumbering{arabic}





\urlstyle{same}     % dammit

\hyphenation{co-or-din-ate co-or-din-ates half-plane half-space stereo-iso-mers stereo-iso-mer Round-table homol-ogous homol-ogy poly-hedron poly-hedra homeo-morphic homeo-morph-ism}

\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\let\boldmath\relax} % allow \boldmath in section titles

\let\subsectionautorefname\sectionautorefname
\let\subsubsectionautorefname\sectionautorefname


% Chao addition
\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{#1}}
% chinese
\def\zh#1{\begin{CJK}{UTF8}{gbsn}#1\end{CJK}}



% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Common Latin abbreviations, only one of which is actually kosher
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------

\def\etal{\emph{et~al.}}            % and others
%\def\ie{\emph{i.e.}}           % that is
\def\ie{\textcolor{red}{that is}}
%\def\eg{\emph{e.g.}}           % for example
\def\eg{\textcolor{red}{for example}}

% -----------------------
% Common Names
% -----------------------
\def\Mobius{M\"obius\xspace}

% -----------------------
% useful shortcuts
% -----------------------

\def\cost{\cent}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Simple math stuff
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\renewcommand{\subset}{\subseteq}
% ---- SYMBOLS ----
\let\e\varepsilon               % a ``real'' epsilon — better yet, just use Unicode ε.
%
%  I give up.  These are in the wrong font, but my kludged versions 
%  LOOK like kludges, especially \Z, \Q, and \C.
%
\def\Real{\mathbb{R}}
\def\Proj{\mathbb{P}}
\def\Hyper{\mathbb{H}}
\def\Integer{\mathbb{Z}}
\def\Natural{\mathbb{N}}
\def\Complex{\mathbb{C}}
\def\Rational{\mathbb{Q}}

\let\N\Natural
\let\Q\Rational
\let\R\Real
\let\Z\Integer
\def\Rd{\Real^d}
\def\RP{\Real\Proj}
\def\CP{\Complex\Proj}



% ---- OPERATORS (requires amsmath) ----
\def\aff{\operatorname{aff}}        
\def\area{\operatorname{area}}
\def\argmax{\operatornamewithlimits{arg\,max}}
\def\argmin{\operatornamewithlimits{arg\,min}}
\def\Aut{\operatorname{Aut}}        % Automorphism group
\def\card{\operatorname{card}}  % cardinality, deprecated for \abs
\def\conv{\operatorname{conv}}  
\def\E{\operatorname{E}}            % Expectation: $\E[X]$ (like \Pr)
\def\EE{\operatornamewithlimits{E}}
\def\Hom{\operatorname{Hom}}        % Homomorphism group
\def\id{\operatorname{id}}      % identity
\def\im{\operatorname{im}}      % image
\def\lcm{\operatorname{lcm}}
\def\lfs{\operatorname{lfs}}        % local feature size
\def\poly{\operatorname{poly}}
\def\polylog{\operatorname{polylog}}
\def\rank{\operatorname{rank}}
\def\rel{\operatorname{rel\,}}  % relative (interior, boundary, etc.)
\def\sgn{\operatorname{sgn}}
\def\vol{\operatorname{vol}}        % volume

\def\fp#1{^{\underline{#1}}}        % falling powers: $n\fp{d}$
\def\rp#1{^{\overline{#1}}}     % rising powers:  $n\rp{d}$

\def\setsymdiff{\operatorname{\triangle}}
% --- Darts and fences ---
% less nice replacements for stmaryrd characters
\@ifundefined{shortrightarrow}{\let\shortrightarrow\rightarrow}{}
\@ifundefined{shortleftarrow}{\let\shortleftarrow\leftarrow}{}
\@ifundefined{shortuparrow}{\let\shortuparrow\uparrow}{}
\@ifundefined{shortdownarrow}{\let\shortdownarrow\downarrow}{}

\def\arcto{\mathord\shortrightarrow}
\def\arcfrom{\mathord\shortleftarrow}
\def\arc#1#2{#1\arcto#2}
\def\cra#1#2{#1\mathord\shortleftarrow#2}
\def\fence#1#2{#1\mathord\shortuparrow#2}
\def\ecnef#1#2{#1\mathord\shortdownarrow#2}

% --- Cheap displaystyle operators ---
\def\Frac#1#2{{\displaystyle\frac{#1}{#2}}}
\def\Sum{\sum\limits}
\def\Prod{\prod\limits}
\def\Union{\bigcup\limits}
\def\Inter{\bigcap\limits}
\def\Lor{\bigvee\limits}
\def\Land{\bigwedge\limits}
\def\Lim{\lim\limits}
\def\Max{\max\limits}
\def\Min{\min\limits}

% ---- RELATORS ----
\def\deq{\stackrel{\scriptscriptstyle\triangle}{=}} % Use := instead.
\def\into{\DOTSB\hookrightarrow}        % = one-to-one
\def\onto{\DOTSB\twoheadrightarrow}
\def\inonto{\DOTSB\lhook\joinrel\twoheadrightarrow}
\def\from{\leftarrow}
\def\tofrom{\leftrightarrow}
\def\mapsfrom{\mathrel{\reflectbox{$\mapsto$}}}
\def\longmapsfrom{\mathrel{\reflectbox{$\longmapsto$}}}

% ---- DELIMITER PAIRS ----
% --- always self-scaling delmiter pairs ---
\def\set#1{\left\{ #1 \right\}}
\def\floor#1{\left\lfloor #1 \right\rfloor}
\def\ceil#1{\left\lceil #1 \right\rceil}
\def\seq#1{\left\langle #1 \right\rangle}
\def\abs#1{\left| #1 \right|}
\def\norm#1{\left\| #1 \right\|}
\def\paren#1{\left( #1 \right)}     % need better macro name!
\def\brack#1{\left[ #1 \right]}     % need better macro name!
\def\indic#1{\left[ #1 \right]}     % indicator variable; Iverson notation

%
%  Macros to typeset sets like {foo|bar} with all three delimiters
%  correctly scaled to fit.  What I *really* want is a \middle macro
%  that acts just like \left and \right.  Grumble.
%
%  Set version is handled by package braket.
\def\Bigbar#1{\mathrel{\left|\vphantom{#1}\right.\n@space}}
\def\Seqbar#1#2{\Seq{#1 \Bigbar{#1 #2} #2}}
\def\Brackbar#1#2{\Brack{#1 \Bigbar{#1 #2} #2}}

%  Math mode fbox
\def\mfbox#1{\mathchoice{{\fbox{\ensuremath{\displaystyle #1}}}}
            {{\fbox{\ensuremath{\textstyle #1}}}}
            {{\fbox{\ensuremath{\scriptstyle #1}}}}
            {{\fbox{\ensuremath{\scriptscriptstyle #1}}}}}

% ---- ``ACCENTS'' ----
%   NB: Commands equivalent to \lrarrowfill and \overlrarrow are
%       already defined in amstex!
\def\lrarrowfill{$\m@th\mathord\leftarrow\mkern-6mu%
  \cleaders\hbox{$\mkern-2mu\mathord-\mkern-2mu$}\hfill
  \mkern-6mu\mathord\rightarrow$}
\def\overlrarrow#1{\vbox{\ialign{##\crcr
      \lrarrowfill\crcr\noalign{\kern-\p@\nointerlineskip}
      $\hfil\displaystyle{#1}\hfil$\crcr}}}

\def\Line#1{\!\overlrarrow{\vphantom{t}\smash{\,#1\,}}\!}
\def\Ray#1{\overrightarrow{\vphantom{t}#1\,}\!}
\def\Seg#1{\overline{\vphantom{t}#1}}

% ---- TEXT STYLES ----
\def\mathsc#1{\text{\textsc{#1}}}
\def\mathbs#1{\text{\boldmath\ensuremath{#1}}}
\def\EMPH#1{\textbf{\emph{\boldmath #1}}}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  \begin{bigabstract}...\end{bigabstract}
%  For use in documents with title pages.  Use normal-sized text in
%  the abstract!
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\newenvironment{bigabstract}%
{\begin{center}\large\textbf{\abstractname}\end{center}\begin{quotation}}%
{\end{quotation}}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Make captions smaller than the text, make their titles bold.
%  Arguments:   #1 == figure name: "Figure 5"
%               #2 == caption: "Papers by \Erdos, 1900--2000 (projected)"
%  Less space after floats and before caption, since captions are smaller
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\@ifundefined{abovecaptionskip}{\newlength\abovecaptionskip}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
   \vskip \abovecaptionskip
   \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\sffamily\footnotesize \textbf{#1.} #2}}
   \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize                     % if more than one line,
       {\sffamily\footnotesize \textbf{#1.} #2\par}     %     typeset normally
     \else                                          % else
       \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil} %     center
   \fi}
\dbltextfloatsep 18pt plus 2pt minus 4pt    % was 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt
\textfloatsep 18pt plus 2pt minus 4pt       % was 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt
\abovecaptionskip 6pt                   % was 10pt

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Revised theorem environment:
%  Add a period after the theorem number, and make theorems slanted
%  instead of italic to help distinguish text from math.  Use
%  \boldmath in theorem label in case it includes math.
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\@opargbegintheorem#1#2#3{\trivlist
    \item[\hskip\labelsep{\bfseries\boldmath #1\ #2\ (#3).}]\slshape}
\def\@begintheorem#1#2{\trivlist
    \item[\hskip\labelsep{\bfseries\boldmath #1\ #2.}]\slshape}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  \newproof{type}{text}(style)[post]:
%  Define a new type of unnumbered ``theorem'' environment.  The last
%  two arguments are optional; most environments will not use them.
%
%  To change label style, put new style command in label:
%       \newproof{comment}{\textsf{Comment}}
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\newproof#1#2{\@ifnextchar({\@snproof{#1}{#2}}{\@snproof{#1}{#2}()}}
\def\@snproof#1#2(#3){\@ifnextchar[{\@xnproof{#1}{#2}{#3}}
                                   {\@xnproof{#1}{#2}{#3}[]}}

\def\@xnproof#1#2#3[#4]{%\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
{\global\@namedef{#1}{\@prf{#2}{#3}}\global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endprf{#4}}}}

\def\@prf#1#2{\@ifnextchar[{\@xprf{#1}{#2}}{\@yprf{#1}{#2}}}
\def\@xprf#1#2[#3]{\@yprf{#1\ (#3)}{#2}}
\def\@yprf#1#2{\begin{trivlist}\item[\hskip\labelsep{\bfseries\boldmath #1:}]#2}

\def\@endprf#1{#1\end{trivlist}}

%
%  Standard proof envrionment: last line has a halmos at the right margin.
%  Insert \qed to override default halmos placement.
%  Incompatible with amsprf package!
%
\newif\ifneedqed
\global\needqedfalse
\@ifundefined{square}{\let\square\Box}{}    % grumble latex2e 
\def\QED{\ensuremath{{\square}}}
\def\markatright#1{\leavevmode\unskip\nobreak\quad\hspace*{\fill}{#1}}
\def\qed{\ifneedqed\markatright{\QED}\global\needqedfalse\else\null\fi}
\newproof{proof}{Proof\global\needqedtrue}[\qed]
\newproof{sketch}{Proof Sketch\global\needqedtrue}[\qed]

%
%  'Fake' proof environment, for use with wrapfig and similar packages
%
\newenvironment{rawproof}%
   {\begin{trivlist}\item[\hskip\labelsep\textbf{Proof:}\global\needqedtrue]}%
   {\qed\end{trivlist}}

%
%  If the proof ends with a displayed equation, use \aftermath just
%  before \end{proof} to put the halmos in the ``right'' place.  
%  Doesn't work worth a damn. 
%
\def\aftermath{\par\vspace{-\belowdisplayskip}\vspace{-\parskip}\vspace{-\baselineskip}}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  One-shot theoremish environment.  For named things like ``Zorn's
%  Lemma'' or ``The Death Leap Principle'' or ``The Zone Theorem''.
%  To get one-shot proofish environment, put \normalfont inside.
%  New improved version stolen from Erik Demaine.
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\newenvironment{oneshot}[1]{\@begintheorem{#1}{\unskip}}{\@endtheorem}

% Meh.
\def\Comment#1{\textsf{\textsl{$\langle\!\langle$#1\/$\rangle\!\rangle$}}}

\def\beginc@de{\noindent\begin{center}\begin{minipage}{1in}\tt
        \begin{tabbing}~~~~\=~~~~\=~~~~\=~~~~\=~~~~\=~~~~\=~~~~\=\kill}
\def\endc@de{\end{tabbing}\end{minipage}\end{center}}

\newenvironment{code}{\beginc@de}{\endc@de}

%
%  These only work with <1 line of text.  Use sparingly!!
%
\def\textul#1{\underline{\smash{#1}\vphantom{.}}}
\def\strike#1{\ensuremath{\overline{\text{\smash{#1}\vphantom{.}}}}}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Include a file verbatim.  Searches the TEXINPUTS path for the file,
%  even though that's probably not what you really want.  Stolen from
%  ``verbatimfiles.sty'' by Chris Rowley and others.  [Don't use their 
%  \vertbatimlisting macro; it has some bizarre side-effects!]
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\verbinput#1{
\begingroup\@verbatim\frenchspacing\@vobeyspaces\input#1\endgroup
}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  \now  -- Current time in h:mm AM/PM format
%  \mdyy -- Today's date in m/d/yy format.  Forget Y2K; this is for humans!
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\newcount\timehh\timehh=\time
\divide\timehh by 60
\newcount\timemm\timemm=\time
\count255=\timehh
\multiply\count255 by -60
\advance\timemm by \count255
\newif\iftimePM
\ifnum\timehh>11 \timePMtrue\else\timePMfalse\fi
\ifnum\timehh<1 \advance\timehh by 12\fi
\ifnum\timehh>12 \advance\timehh by -12\fi
\def\now{\number\timehh:\ifnum\timemm<10 0\fi\number\timemm
         \iftimePM pm\else am\fi}
\newcount\mdYY\mdYY=\year
\count255=\year
\divide\count255 by 100
\multiply\count255 by 100
\advance\mdYY by -\count255
\def\mdyy{\number\month/\number\day/\ifnum\mdYY<10 0\fi\number\mdYY}


% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Notes to myself.  The margin flags are broken, thanks to an
%  incompatibility with the geometry package.
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\n@te#1{\textsf{\boldmath \textbf{$\langle\!\langle$#1$\rangle\!\rangle$}}\leavevmode}
\def\n@tew@rn{\GenericWarning{}{AUTHOR WARNING: Unresolved \protect\note}}

\def\n@ten@te#1{\marginpar
    [\hfill\llap{\textcolor{red}{{#1}$\!\Longrightarrow$}}]
    {\rlap{\textcolor{red}{$\Longleftarrow\!${#1}}}}}

% Warning: The textcomp and mathdesign packages are incompatible!
%\def\n@tedingb@t{\@ifundefined{textmusicalnote}
%           {$\maltese$}            % if you don't have textcomp
%           {\textmusicalnote}}     % if you do have textcomp

\def\n@tedingb@t{\textcircled{$\maltese$}}

\def\note#1{\textcolor{red}{\n@tew@rn\n@te{\n@ten@te{\n@tedingb@t}#1}}}

\def\sidenote#1{\marginpar{\tiny\textsf{#1}}}

\setlength{\marginparsep}{0.1in}
\setlength{\marginparwidth}{\paperwidth}
\addtolength{\marginparwidth}{-\oddsidemargin}
\addtolength{\marginparwidth}{-\textwidth}
\addtolength{\marginparwidth}{-1.0\marginparsep} 
\addtolength{\marginparwidth}{-1.0in}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  TODO sets enclosed text in a gray rectangle with a red border
%  with small sans-serif text.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
\definecolor{TODOcolor}{cmyk}{0.05,0,0,0}
\definecolor{TODOtxtcolor}{cmyk}{0,1,1,0}

\newenvironment{TODO}
   {\fboxrule1.5pt\begin{lrbox}{\@tempboxa}
    \begin{minipage}{0.9\columnwidth}\small\sffamily\color{TODOtxtcolor}}
   {\end{minipage}
    \end{lrbox}
    \medskip\centerline{\fcolorbox{TODOtxtcolor}{TODOcolor}{\usebox{\@tempboxa}}}
    \sidenote{\LARGE\color{Red}$\bigstar\bigstar\bigstar$}\medskip}


%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Bibliography aliases, so I can use mnemonic citation keys and
%  geom.bib at the same time.  \bibalias{foo}{bar} makes \cite{foo}
%  act (almost) exactly like \cite{bar}.  I don’t actually use this.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\bibalias#1#2{%
    \global\@namedef{b@#1}{%
        {\@ifundefined{b@#2}{\textsf{?}}{}\csname b@#2\endcsname}}}

% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Draft notice.  Put \DRAFT on the title page, in place of \date.
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\draftnotice{Preliminary draft --- \mdyy\ --- Not for distribution}

\def\DRAFT{
\date{\fbox{\textsf{\textbf{\draftnotice}}}}
\def\@oddfoot{\footnotesize\hss\fbox{\textbf{\textsf{\draftnotice}}}\hss}
\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
}


%----------------------------------------------------------------------
% 'cramped' list style, stolen from Jeff Vitter.  Doesn't always work.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\cramped
  {\parskip\@outerparskip\@topsep\parskip\@topsepadd2pt\itemsep0pt
}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  More footnote symbols, please.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or *\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
   \mathsection\or \mathparagraph\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
   \or \ddagger\ddagger \or \mathsection\mathsection \or
   \mathparagraph\mathparagraph \else\@ctrerr\fi}}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  TeXbook style quotations -- I should really use the right font, tho.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
\newenvironment{rightquote}[1]
{\flushright\begin{minipage}{#1\textwidth}
\parskip0pt\footnotesize\sffamily\slshape}
{\end{minipage}\par\bigskip}
\def\quotee#1{\par\vspace{0.5ex}\begin{flushright}\unskip\textup{--- #1}\end{flushright}\unskip}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%  Creative Commons license
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
\def\CCLicense#1{\vfill\vbox to 0pt{\centering\tiny\sffamily \textcopyright\ Copyright \number\year\ Chao Xu.\\ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (\url{http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/}).\\  Free distribution is strongly encouraged; commercial distribution is expressly forbidden.\quad  See {#1} for the most recent revision.\vss}}